Drivers Rs-cv0c Data Device Network & Wireless Cards
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The operating system, drivers, and device installation components store information about drivers and devices in the registry. In general, drivers and device installation components should use the registry to store data that must be maintained across restarts of the system. For information about how a driver accesses registry information, see Using the Registry in a Driver.
Registry contents should always be treated as untrusted, modifiable information. If one of your driver components writes information to the registry and another component reads it later, do not assume that the information has not been modified in the meantime. After reading information from the registry, your driver components should always validate the information before using it.
For more information about the registry in general, see the Microsoft Windows SDK documentation.
This section contains the following topics which describe the use of registry keys to store information about drivers and devices:
Drivers must access Plug and Play (PnP) keys in the registry using system routines such as IoGetDeviceProperty or IoOpenDeviceRegistryKey. User-mode setup components should use device installation functions such as SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty or SetupDiOpenDevRegKey. The registry can be accessed from INF files by using INF AddReg directives.
ImportantDrivers must not access these registry trees and keys directly. This discussion of registry information in this section is solely for debugging a device installation or configuration problem.
This article explains how to enable the CAN bus using as examples the AM35x EVM and OMAP35x, but can be applied to other platforms as well. In addition, steps to exchange data with a MCP2515 Bus Monitor board is also documented.
If you are new to CAN, please spend 15 minutes reading the CAN bus protocol technical overview.
- 2Enable the CAN controller kernel driver
- 5Verifying CAN support configuration
- 5.2sysfs entries
- 10MCP251x interrupt signal
- 11Problems and how to resolve them
- 12System files and command
References
Enable the CAN controller kernel driver
AM35x kernel
In the case of the AM35x platform the configuration is:
OMAP3x kernel
In the case of the OMAP3x platform with a MCP2515 chip the configuration is:
Enable socketcan and ip tools
Working with the CAN bus requires enabling the 'ip' tools from iproute2 package (the 'ip' tool from busybox won't work). The socketcan package is optional and provide you with tools to debug your can bus.
These packages are available for selection from the RidgeRun SDK in the configuration menu.
Setup the networking rules
Edit your /etc/networking/interfaces on the target file system and add the following rules (required to setup the bit-rate of the bus):
Verifying CAN support configuration
Linux boot
Look for the following in the Linux boot output
Run
Expected output:
Run
Expected output:
sysfs entries
Verify the CAN host driver is registered correctly (meaning properly added to kernel arch/arm/mach-*/board-*.c file).
MC2515
Run:
Expect:
Power on CAN hardware
Send simple test packet
The socket-CAN tools include the cansend utility:
where the device is the network interface name, typically can0, and a CAN frame is in the format:
with the can_id having 3 (SFF) or 8 (EFF) hex chars. and data in the format of zero to eight 8-bit hex-values that can optionally be separated by a period ('.') or use R for remote transmission request.
To send a CAN data frame message, with a can_id arbitration field value of 0x5A1 and a data field value 0x1122334455667788:
If you are using a CAN bus monitor, like the MCP2515 bus monitor, You will see (packet sent 3 times):
Dump received packets
The socket-CAN tools include the candump utility, which dumps all messages being exchanged on the CAN bus. To run candump, just specify the CAN interface:
If a device on the CAN bus sends a packet with ID 0x456 and data 0x122345, the output would be
The MCP2515 bus monitor allows you to send CAN bus packet. You can also telnet into the target hardware and use cansend to put a packet on the bus that can be monitiored with candump.
Drivers Rs-cv0c Data Device Network & Wireless Cards Compatible
creates the following cumulative candump output
CAN protocol stack information
The CAN protocol implementation version:
The CAN bus statistics:
MCP251x interrupt signal
MCP251x Platform Bus Data
In the architecture specific board file, such as arch/arm/mach-omap2/board-overo.c, first define the platform data:
Add the SPI information to the SPI board info array:
Finally call the GPIO interrupt initialization function right before registering SPI board info:
GPIO MCP251x interrupt verification
You can use debugfs to monitor the GPIO used for the MCP251x interrupt signal.
Configure the kernel to enable debugfs:
Boot the target hardware and mount debugfs:
Check the current value and configuration for the GPIO of interest (for example GPIO 147):
with example output being:
Which indicates GPIO 147 is configure as an input, currently has a high logic level, is mapped to IRQ 307, and causes an interrupt on the falling edge.
You can see if any interrupts have occurred using (for example GPIO 147 being mapped to IRQ 307):
with example output being:
which indicates 60 interrupts have been occurred.
With OMAP3, you also need to verify the pad where the signal leaves the chip is configured properly. For the OMAP3 in the CBB package (used on Gumstix Overo Water board) GPIO147 uses the uart2_rx pad.
with example output being:
Problems and how to resolve them
The titles of the following sections are text that gets displayed when a problem occurs. Each section describes how to resolve the issue.
No can0 interface
If you have problems with network interface can0 not being created, enable
and
kernel -> Networking support -> CAN bus subsystem support -> CAN Device Drivers -> CAN devices debugging messages
Drivers Rs-cv0c Data Device Network Unlock
bit-timing calculation not available
Enable CAN bit-timing calculation in the Linux kernel.
bit-timing not yet defined
First run
then run
MCP251x didn't wake-up
If the response to ifconfig can0 up is
Drivers Rs-cv0c Data Device Network & Wireless Cards Free
Then there is a problem with the interrupt signal from the MCP251x chip back to the driver. Check the arch/arm/mach-*/board-*.c file for your hardware along with any jumpers on your hardware design.
ip command says link/[280] instead of link/can
You need to enable and build iproute2 to get an up-to-date ip command that supports the can bus.
NOHZ: local_softirq_pending 08
You are using an older version of the mcp2515 driver. The driver should call netif_rx() only from interrupt context. Update to a newer version of the driver and the warning will go away.